Employment Equity - 1660 Words

EMPLOYMENT EQUITY Contents PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 INTRODUCTION 2 WHAT IS EMPLOYMENT EQUITY 3 HOW DOES IT WORK 3 - 4 WHAT IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION 5 IMPLEMENATION OF AFFIRMITIVE EMPLOYMENT EQUITY 6 - 7 OBSTACLES CHALLENGES 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 8 CONCLUSION 8 BIBLIOGRAPHY 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This assignment deals with the Employment Equity Act of 19 October 1998. It covers the workings of the act in terms of equity and affirmative action and how it was implemented in Defy Appliances Ltd in 1999. It also covers some of the obstacles and challenges that were experienced by the company; as well as its success in other companies in South Africa†¦show more content†¦Inspectors may inspect businesses and obtain undertakings from employers to comply with their duties in terms of the Act. Failing that, they may issue compliance orders, to which or against which an employer may object or appeal. Any party assessing compliance with the Act has discretion to consider a variety of factors amounting to whether the employer has made reasonable attempts, in his/her particular circumstances, to comply. The Director-General may conduct a review of whether an employer has complied with the Act and followed it with recommendations on methods of compliance. If that fails, the Direc tor-General may refer the matter to the Labour Court, which is the ultimate Court which may enforce the provisions of the Act. Chapter II of the Act came into operation during 1998. Since the passing of the Act, the President, in terms of Section 65, determined that Chapter III and Sections 35 to 46, 58 and 65, and Schedules 1 and 4 would come into operation on 1 December 1999. WHAT IS AFFIRMATIVE ACTION Section 15(1) of the Labour Relations Act defines ‘affirmative action measures’ as ‘measures designed to ensure that suitably qualified people from designated groups have equal employment opportunities and are equitably represented in all occupational categories and levels in the workplace of a designated employer’ (Section 15(1)). In short, affirmativeShow MoreRelatedEmployment Equity And Its Effect On Income Inequality2490 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION In 1986, the Canadian Government created Employment Equity Act, which requires federal employers with hundred and more employees, specifically in the banking, transportation and communication industries, to report to the government annually on whether and to what extend have they promoted and attained the employment Equity’s goals for designate groups under the act, namely white women, aboriginal people, visible minority and disable person (Barker 2008). The Treasury Board of CanadaRead MoreEmployment Equity And Its Implications For Human Resources Management1461 Words   |  6 PagesAnuja Indirakumar Lecturer: Cathy Tadres HRM701 3 December 2016 Employment Equity Introduction This paper will look into the topic of employment equity, by looking into the designated groups affected, as well as its implications for human resources management. Employment equity is employing designated groups that have been disadvantaged, without biases (Belcourt 90). These groups are â€Å"women, visible minorities, Aboriginal people, and persons with disabilities† (Belcourt 90). While we look at theseRead MoreThe Social Equity Of Human Capital, Employment Discrimination946 Words   |  4 Pageschallenging, as barriers to communicate effectively is common for immigrants. Additionally, immigrants language barriers may expose them to adverse social effects such as employment discrimination, inability to attain access to health care and emotion strains. 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Yellow Fever Free Essays

1.) Three diseases that could possibly be related to Todd’s case are Malaria, Yellow Fever, and Typhoid Fever. All of these included the same symptoms, such as: fever, headache, chills, vomiting, bleeding of some type(gums or nose†¦. We will write a custom essay sample on Yellow Fever or any similar topic only for you Order Now even though â€Å"nose bleeding† wasn’t a symptom of Todd’s†¦ it still threw up a red flag to me), joint pain(could be related to back pain), liver symptoms(yellow skin/jaundice – Malaria doesn’t have â€Å"liver symptoms†, but it does have ‘anemia’ as a symptom, so this still placed it as a â€Å"contender† for me)†¦etc. 2.) The pathogen most likely affecting Todd is the genus Flavivirus, which is transmitted by the vector Masoni africana. I believe this to be the pathogen vector not only because it is the primary carrier of yellow fever(which matches the signs symptoms Todd was experiencing), but also because it is found in tropical areas(they were in the rain forests of Ghana). 3.) The clinical name for Todd’s condition is Jungle/Sylvatic Yellow Fever(Coquillettidia fuscopennata). It is usually spread from infected monkeys to humans by the bite of a female mosquito. It is most commonly found in tropical rain forests(aka ‘jungles’)†¦. this is where the â€Å"jungle† part of the name of the condition derives from. – The â€Å"yellow† part of ‘Yellow Fever’ comes from the fact that as the virus enters the later(toxic phase), the liver is damaged, causing jaundice(YELLOWing of the skin). 4.) There are two types of Yellow Fever†¦ Urban Yellow Fever and Jungle/Sylvatic Yellow Fever. The Urban Yellow Fever is transmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It is spread when the mosquito bites an infected person and then carries that virus to another human. The Jungle/Sylvatic Yellow Fever usually originates in monkeys and is typically spread to humans when they enter a rainforest in Africa(or any other tropical atmosphere) via the Masoni africana. -This virus can’t be spread from person to person†¦ only by mosquito bite. 5.) If Kevin wasn’t bitten by a mosquito with this specific virus, he won’t have the virus(or any symptoms of this virus). He should, however, be tested for this virus because the first symptoms don’t appear until 3-6 days after being bitten by the mosquito. 6.) The virus is endemic in the tropical areas of Africa, due to the fact that the Masoni africana is found in African rainforests AND most of the residents of this area have built up an immunity to this virus†¦ but it could possibly become an epidemic if large numbers of non-Africa-residing people continue to visit this area and become infected OR if the mosquitos that carry this virus are brought out of Africa to other areas of the world and begin to infect numerous individuals. 7.) Yellow Fever is very UNcommon in the United States†¦ the incidence rate is approximately 1:272,000,000. 8.) There is no specific treatment for Yellow Fever. The infected individual is usually hospitalized and signs and symptoms are treated as they arise†¦. Such administering fluids for dehydration, pain relief medications, dialysis for kidney failure, blood transfusions due to massive blood loss†¦etc. 9.) It IS possible that Todd will die from this virus. It is estimated that there are 30,000 deaths out of the 200,000(worldwide) total cases of Yellow Fever annually. 10.) The Yellow Fever vaccine is available and is the single-most important preventative measure against this virus. It has been shown to provide immunity for 30-35 years or more and begins to provide immunity within one week. This immunization is required prior to arriving in Ghana(Africa). How to cite Yellow Fever, Essay examples

Disney Case Study Free-Samples for Studetns -Myassingmenthelp

Questions: 1.what are some of the Main Cultural Differences between the United States and France?2.In what way has Trompenaarss research helped explain cultural differences between the United States and France?3.In managing its Euro Disneyland Operations, what are three mistakes that the Company made? 4.Based on its Experience, what are three lessons the Company should have alarmed about how to deal with Diversity? Answers: 1.The Geert Hofstede has designed a cultural dimensions theory to address the cross-cultural communication (Hofstede 2011). The framework covers four cultural dimensions including power distance index, uncertainty avoidance index, individualism vs. masculinity index, and long-term orientation and short-term orientation as explained by De Mooij and Hofstede (2011). Based on the case study, France and the United States have few differences in terms of values. Power distance: This dimension shows that the less powerful members of the society within an organization or a country agree that power is unequally distributed. In the United States, a low power distance index combines with individualist culture (Schiffman Kanuk 2007). This is founded on the America promise of justice and liberty for all. On the other hand, the power distance scores for France show that the country enjoys a high power distance (Crotts 2004). In France, children are taught and remain prepared to remain emotionally be dependent. This remains the responsibility of their parents. The dependency is transferable to teachers and supervisors. Therefore, in the French nation, the society fairly accepts inequality because they believe power is centralized geographically in government and companies. Individualism vs. Collectivism This dimension focuses on the aspects of degree of interdependence expected in a society. The fundamental issue here is defining the peoples self-image using I and We (Shi Wang 2011). The societies value individualism by looking after themselves and families. On the other hand, a collectivist society values the groups without unquestioning loyalty. On individualism, the U.S society scores high because this is a capitalist society. The Americans think of their families. France is also an individualist society. For instance, parents have whipped the emotions of their children to be independent relative to the groups. This implies that the French people care for ones families and oneself. Masculinity vs. Feminine The masculine dimension shows the society embraces competition, success, and achievements. In such a society, success is based on the winner mentality. This is evident in the high score of masculinity (Shi Wang 2011). The low score of masculinity implies that the society is feminine thus implying the dominant values are considered. In a famine society, people care for the quality of life and others. Indeed, in a famine society, the societal success depends on the quality of life (Hofstede 2011). In fact, standing out from a societal or group perspective is not admirable. In the US society, masculinity index is high as evident in the American behavioural patterns (Manrai Manrai 2011). Among the Americans, masculinity score is high, as it remains a distinctive American behavioural pattern. The Americans combine a highly individualistic and masculinity drives in the world. Nevertheless, Americans have justified their masculine drive individually. For the French, feminine culture is inevitable as evident in its welfare system. In fact, the French society embraces the quality of life as justified by the five weeks of its holidays and the 35 working hours per week. The French culture also offers another unique characteristic such that the upper class indices for feminine. The working class index leans towards the masculine. Uncertainty avoidance This dimension focuses on how the society handles the facts regarding the unknown or the future. For instance, people try to understand whether they can control the future or not (Hofstede 2011). With this ambiguity, anxiety is inevitable, but various cultures have understood how to handle the anxiety. In the United States, the uncertainty scores among the public is below the average. This is because, the perceived context have influenced their behaviours (Manrai Manrai 2011). On the other hand, the French culture scores high on the dimension. This is because; the French never believes in surprises. They only value planning and structure as part of their activities. Pragmatism This Hofstede dimension helps in describing the past and the present of the people because people have found it difficult to explain the happenings in the surrounding. In a society where people have the desire to explain, their surroundings have a normative orientation (Shi Wang 2011). However, a society that experiences pragmatic orientation has the limited desire to explain anything. This is because; they believe nobody can understand life complexity. To the pragmatic oriented society, living a virtuous life is more important than knowing the truth (Shi Wang 2011). The American society prefers analysing new information to justify the facts. This culture rarely makes them pragmatic and should never be construed as being practical but reflects the mentality of the American people. Conversely, the French population is a pragmatic society because they believe in the truth based on the context, time, and situation. The French have the ability to adapt to the societal dynamics. They al so have a propensity to save and invest. They believe that perseverance is the secret of success. 2.The research enhanced the explanation relating to the existing cultural conflicts between the U.S and France. Based on the Cultural Dimensions offered by Trompenaars, the existing cultural conflicts between the two nations were due to different factors (Balan Vreja 2013). For instance, the ascription versus achievement that involves proving oneself to receiving or granted status. This is evident in the National Culture Differences Model offered by Trompenaars. The aspects of specifics versus diffuse that focuses on how individuals separate private and work life. Within the Universalism and particularism, there have emerged differences (Balan Vreja 2013). For example, universalistic culture focuses on the rules while particularism values relationships. The other differences involve universalistic culture views situation in a similar way and the particularism culture treats every cases distinctly based on merits thus establish a private understandings. Finally, particularism cultur e encompasses several perspectives related to reality or facts, while the universalistic values a single reality or truth. Based on these rules, it is evident the policies, regulations, and riles are universal thus makes them possible to be applicable anywhere. People rarely need to modify them to fit their situation and expectations (Kitayama Cohen 2007). In the French perspectives, the rules and regulations are distinct thus forms part of the culture. Unfortunately, Disney failed to understand the distinct culture that could have enhanced its success. To this effect, the company needed to understand that French culture is distinct and the companys previous successes can never apply in this country. Individualism and Communitarianism In making a business decision, it is critical to consider the points as presented under communitarianism and individualism (Balan Vreja 2013). For example, it is imperative to consider that people in a communitarian society are found in France while the majority of Americans embrace the individualistic cultures. In fact, the French would prefer to work in teams thus embrace social relations mutually compared to the Americans who seem to adore individualism (Glass Rud 2012). In the American society, making ranks between employees and managers is indisputable. However, the situation is different in France where nobody would dare create ranks between managers and employees. This brief explains that the diverse ethics in various cultures. Specific and Diffuse This dimension also exposes distinction between France and America. In the United States, the explicit national culture is evident thus allowing them to make decisions based on low context compared to the Frenchs implicit national culture that revolves around the high context environment. The US people also pay attention to logical, clear, and persuasive negotiations (Glass Rud 2012). On the other, the French people emphasizes on an indirect and inaccurate discussions. Ascription and Achievement The dimension focuses on being versus doing or ascription versus achievement in explaining the differences between the French and Americans (Balan Vreja 2013). The US public values achievements and doing thus dividing them into individualities regarding to their jobs. Conversely, the French culture stresses ascription and being because they rarely pay attention to the highest esteem but ascribe to the individualism (Kitayama Cohen 2007). Without a doubt, the United States emphasizes on the family bloodline and the status of the school individuals attended compared to the French who emphasises their history. The U.S measures the individual success based on the social status thus making it an achievement society such as Walt Disney. 3.Without a doubt, operational errors were evident as Disney was on the spotlight thus affecting their performance directly. For instance, in America, Fridays was a heavy day compared to Monday where it is a light day. Disney had assumed that the situation in the United States would be replicated in France thus allocating staff (Yue 2009). However, Disney experienced big problems as the inverse happened in France. Training and Staffing of cast members was a problem for Disney whop was compelled to hire and training the employees. Without training, Disneys cast members would be like theatre troupe. Hiring the 12,000 cast members was easier than training them because the HR Managers have to consider the job specifications thus making the implementation of mentality and teaching for the European employees could pose a great challenge (Matusitz 2010). The Euro Disney experienced a staffing problem relating to dress code and Disney Look that appeared to be a rigid code and all Americans w ere expected to ascribe to. The Disney Look also focused on the earrings and fingernails and further prohibited dyed hair and facial hair. However, for the European employees, this was never the situation because they never bothered about the American look (Matusitz 2010). Instead of Disney imposing own rules, it is critical to analyse the decision and verify the legality aspects thus avoid affecting the performance and satisfaction of employees. Disney could have avoided these challenges if the company avoided the decisions. The Cultural Operational Errors were evident in the Euro Disney thus affecting the attendance and performance (Yue 2009). For example, by avoiding serving alcohol, the French customers felt astonished because in France, having a bottle of wine for lunch is normal. There was a problem with the breakfast in the hotels as Disney assumed the downsizing of its restaurants. It emerged that Disney thought the European customers never valued breakfast, yet the truth stands that they eat breakfast. Therefore, Disney could have avoided using assumptions but make decisions based on research and facts thus understand the customer preferences. This could have made it possible to fix the mistakes thus increase customer satisfaction. 4.In business, companies should contemplate their actions before invading a new market. However, Disney never considered the basis parameters in entering the new market by forcing its entry into the theme park. This move presents various lessons that any company can learn to enhance success (Luthans Doh 2009). The management of Disney could have considered the significance of market research and analysis as a vital step towards succeeding in a new market. This step will ensure the company understands the cultural aspects of each country. Indisputably, every city worldwide has a unique individualism culture that each company should appreciate. For instance, Disney never had enough information about the French customers and culture. Therefore, market research can help the business to understand customer preferences. Similarly, the company must consider formulating and developing alternatives. The company appeared to have over sighted its success in Japan thus assuming the situation would be the same in Europe (Shen, Chanda, DNetto, Monga 2009). It completely turned its eyes on the previous experiences thus failing to make appropriate adjustments relevant to the European and French customers. Finally, companies need to consider their operational plans based on the gathered information relating to European and French customers. Companies like Disney should have collected data regarding the targeted markets to develop the best business plan that would meet the customer expectations. According to Hodgetts, Luthans, and Doh (2006), the operational plans addresses the critical issues that companies must address before entering a new market. References Balan, S. Vreja, L.O. 2013, The Trompenaars seven-dimension cultural model and cultural orientations of Romanian students in management, Proceedings of the 7th International Management Conferences. pp. 95-107. Crotts, J. 2004, The effect of cultural distance on overseas travel behaviours, Journal of Travel Research, vol. 43, pp. 83-88. De Mooij, M., Hofstede, G. 2011, Cross-cultural consumer behaviour: a review of research findings, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, vol. 23, no. 3/4, pp. 181-192. Glass, G.V. Rud, A.G. 2012, The struggle between individualism and communitarianism: the pressure of population, prejudice, and the purse, Review of Research in Education, vol. 36, pp. 95-112. Hodgetts, R.M., Luthans, F., Doh, J.P. 2006, International management. McGraw-Hill, New York. Hofstede, G. 2011, Dimensionalizing cultures: the Hofstede model in context, Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, vol. 2, no. 1, art. 8. Kitayama, S., Cohen, D. 2007, Handbook of cultural psychology. Guilford Press, New York. https://www.ECU.eblib.com.au/EBLWeb/patron/?target=patronextendedid=E_266271_0 Luthans, F., Doh, J.P. 2009, International management: culture, strategy, and behaviour, 7th Ed. Pt.2. (pp. 229-238). Manrai, L.A. Manrai, A.K. 2011, Hofstedes cultural dimensions and tourist behaviours: a review and conceptual framework, Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, vol. 16, no. 31, pp. 24-48. Matusitz, J. (2010), Disneyland Paris: a case analysis demonstrating how globalization works, Journal of Strategic Marketing, vol. 18, iss. 3, pp. 223-237. Schiffman, L., Kanuk, L. 2007, Consumer behaviour (9th Ed.). Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Shen, J., Chanda, A., DNetto, B., Monga, M. 2009, Managing diversity through human resource management: an international perspective and conceptual framework, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 235-251. Shi, X. Wang, J. 2011, Interpreting Hofstede model and GLOBE model: which way to go for cross-cultural research, International Journal of Business and Management, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 93-99. Yue, W. 2009, The fretful euro Disneyland, International Journal of Marketing Studies, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 87-91.

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Aggravated Assault essays

Aggravated Assault essays Aggravated assault is the unlawful threat of bodily violence or harm to somebody else, or an attempt to do such harm. The purpose of this paper is to inform the reader about all aspects of the personal crime of aggravated assault. It will illustrate the typical victim and offender and the situations that surround this crime from a citizen and criminologist perspective. Aggravated assault is more serious than assault because the offender inflicts an unlawful attack upon the victim for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury. This type of assault is usually accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily harm. In 1998, there were a total of 1,673,640 aggravated assault victimizations and 1,457,800 incidences. Victimizations indicate the number of people that were received the criminal offense. Incidences mean the scene and time of the assault. For instance, two people are robbed at gunpoint. It is counted as two robbery victimizations and one robbery incidence. Of all the criminal offenses measured by the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), 5.3 percent of them were aggravated assaults. On average, about eight people in every one thousand people were the victims of aggravated assault. Out of one thousand people, 10.5 males were assaulted and 4.7 females. Black males and females are more likely to be the victim of aggravated assault between the ages of twenty to twenty-four. Twenty-six urban, black males out of every one thousand people are the victims. White males are more likely to be the victim between the ages of twelve to nineteen. White females are more likely to be the victim between the ages of sixteen to twenty-four. In all, black males are most likely to be the victim between the ages of twenty and twenty-four. Thirty-three percent of the victims had an income less than $7,500 annually. Such a low income is probably due to the young age...

PHSIOLOGY 08 Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

PHSIOLOGY 08 - Lab Report Example The lower number (diastolic pressure) represents the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart the circulatory system. The lower number the blood vessels between beats, when the heart is resting. According to health guidelines, normal blood pressure is below 130/85 and 139/89. High blood pressure is divided into 4 stages, based on severity: stage1 (mild) high blood pressure ranges from 140/90 to 159/99; stage2 (moderate) is from 160/100 to 179/109;stage3 (severe) is from 180/10 to 209/119; stage4 (very severe) is 210/120 and up. The diagnosis of hypertension can be based on either the systolic or the diastolic reading. High blood pressure usually cannot be cured, but it can be controlled in a variety of ways, including lifestyle modifications and medication. Treatment should be at the direction and under the supervision of a physician. Heart attack uncomfortable pressure, fullness squeezing, or pain in the center of the chest lasting 2 minutes or longer; pain may radiate to the shoulder, arm, neck, or jaw; sweating may accompany pain or discomfort; nausea and vomiting may also occur; shortness of breath, dizziness, or fainting may accompany other signs; what is required is immediate action at the onset of these symptoms. More than half of heart attack victims die within one hour of the onset of symptoms and before they have reached the hospital. Stroke sudden temporary weakness or numbness of face or limbs on one side of the body; temporary loss of speech, or trouble speaking or understanding speech temporary dim vision; unexplained dizziness, unsteadiness, or sudden falls. A blood cholesterol level over 240mg/dl (milligrams of cholesterol per deciliter of blood) approximately doubles the risk of coronary heart disease. Blood cholesterol levels between 200 and 240 mg/dl are in a zone of moderate and increasing risk. An estimated 6.5 mil (10.8%) of youth aged 4-19 have level of 200mg/dl or higher. Cigarette

What were the impacts of the World War II on Japan Term Paper

What were the impacts of the World War II on Japan - Term Paper Example The Axis alliance, especially Japan had to suffer huge problems during the Second World War. Of these, the major problem was of the fuel shortage. Japan’s extensive use of its aircraft carries as it was main force of the country and the only hope for defeating the allied forces did not help the country at all. Although Japan did outnumber the allied forces in the matter guns power but was defeated significantly in attrition. It was the attrition that made Japan lose the war in the pacific. The Japanese army and navy truly lacked all the resources and the development required to replace the loss faced in the pacific. â€Å"the supremacy of nations may be determined by the possession of available petroleum and its products.† (Coolidge 1924). This statement by president looked like a prediction of the coming future. Japan’s shortage of fuel turned out to be major problem for the country to sustain its initial rather successful position. â€Å"Primary strategic aim of U.S. Strategic Air Forces is now to deny oil to enemy air forces.† (Spaatz 1944). Furthermore the economic policies of Japan before and during the war played a negative role as long as japans’ chances of winning the war were concerned. Japan was more into extending its borders than creating an army with a strong backup. It all started for Japan after the attack of Pearl Harbor which started a true war between the two forces. At that time Japan was a major force in the pacific with its aircraft carriers and the hopes of winning the war on the basis of its naval strength were high. ... On 6th and 9th august 1946, America dropped two atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing millions and forcing Japan to surrender unconditionally. Unthinkable Destruction The atomic bombs dropped by American aircrafts had devastating effects on the two cities. They destroyed the cities completely leaving nothing but rubble. Japan, struck by such a major disaster was forced to surrender unconditionally as there were no other options left for the country. The two bombs killed 66,000 people in Hiroshima and 39,000 in Nagasaki, destroying the two sixties completely. A total area 5 and a half square miles was left in rubbles. Apart from those who died immediately, millions were left to mourn with major radiological injuries, flash burns and mechanical injuries leading to disabilities. Apart from these immediate effects that the bombs caused, the infrastructure of the two cities were completely devastated and they were not fit anymore for the human to live in. the radiological damage s appeared years after the bombings as the new births has congenital anomalies and newborns usually died in the early years of their lives. Survival and Revival The war had left Japan with nothing but just a little more than debris, its 40% infrastructure was now in rubbles and the country knew it would take long to get things back to normal. It was with the help of international funding: especially America as Japan was now occupied by America that the process of revival started and a little hope arose of taking the country back to its original shape. After the war, the Japanese industries were supplied by funds and the strong workers who were originally post war soldiers to work in and contribute in the